Variables and Data Types

Variables

• Definition: A variable is a named container used to store data values.
• Declaration: Unlike many other languages, Python doesn’t require explicit variable declaration. A variable is created when you assign a value to it.
• Naming Conventions: Use descriptive names, start with a letter or underscore, and avoid reserved keywords.

Python

age = 30  # Integer
name = "Alice"  # String
is_student = True  # Boolean

Data Types

Numeric Types

• int: Represents integer numbers (e.g., 42, -10)
• float: Represents floating-point numbers (e.g., 3.14, 2.5)
• complex: Represents complex numbers (e.g., 3+5j)

Text Type

• str: Represents sequences of characters (e.g., “hello”, ‘world’)

Sequence Types

• list: Ordered and mutable collection of items (e.g., [1, 2, 3, “apple”])
• tuple: Ordered and immutable collection of items (e.g., (1, 2, 3))
• range: Represents an immutable sequence of numbers (e.g., range(5))

Mapping Type

• dict: Unordered collection of key-value pairs (e.g., {“name”: “Alice”, “age”: 30})

Set Types

• set: Unordered collection of unique elements (e.g., {1, 2, 3})
• frozenset: Immutable version of set

Boolean Type

• bool: Represents truth values (True or False)

Type Conversion

Python allows you to convert data types using functions like int(), float(), str(), etc.

Python

x = 10
y = float(x)  # Convert integer to float

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